Who appointed each state's judges

Every state is covered by an immigration court — but many states don't have one inside their borders. Each state is shaded by the appointing administrations of the currently sitting judges at the court(s) covering it; striped states have no court of their own and are administered by a court in another state (hover to see which). This shows who appointed the judges — not how they decide cases. Tap a state for its court-by-court breakdown.

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Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico are insets: each sits on the side of the map where it really lies, but none is drawn at its true distance or true scale. At true scale Alaska would cover a fifth of the map and Puerto Rico would be smaller than Rhode Island.

Map colour: share of a state's judges appointed under Republican presidents
◄ All Democratic-appointed National average 53% All Republican-appointed ►
Administered by another state's court
Most Republican-appointed: IA 78% · NE 78% · LA 75% Most Democratic-appointed: AL 75% · WY 73% · MA 71%
1,195 active immigration judges
Republican appointees outnumber Democratic ones 612 to 537.
612 Republican-appointed
537 Democratic-appointed
46 not yet classified
Of the 1,149 whose appointment is on the public record, 53.3% were appointed under Republican presidents and 46.7% under Democratic ones. The remaining 46 (3.8% of the bench) have no public record of their appointment located yet, so they are left out of that comparison rather than counted against either side.
Browse all courts (75) · 1,231 judges
Arizona
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Illinois
Indiana
Louisiana
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Nebraska
Nevada
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Tennessee
Texas
Conroe, TX
21 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 12.1%
Dallas, TX
35 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 14.2%
El Paso, TX
21 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 18.7%
El Paso — Service Processing Center, TX
9 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 15.7%
Harlingen, TX
12 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 18.9%
Houston, TX
20 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 10.4%
Houston — Greenspoint Park, TX
27 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 6.7%
Houston — S. Gessner Road, TX
13 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 6.9%
Laredo, TX
11 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 21.5%
Los Fresnos (PEP), TX
3 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 12.3%
Los Fresnos has two EOIR court codes, PIS and PEP, for one court at 27991 Buena Vista Boulevard — the Port Isabel Service Processing Center, an ICE detention facility, where the court hears detained cases. EOIR now lists it as the Port Isabel Immigration Court, code PEP; PIS is the retired code for the same court.
Los Fresnos (PIS), TX
5 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 8.2%
Los Fresnos has two EOIR court codes, PIS and PEP, for one court at 27991 Buena Vista Boulevard — the Port Isabel Service Processing Center, an ICE detention facility, where the court hears detained cases. EOIR now lists it as the Port Isabel Immigration Court, code PEP; PIS is the retired code for the same court.
Pearsall, TX
24 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 11.1%
San Antonio, TX
15 judges with recent cases
Court asylum grant rate: 30.7%
Utah
Virginia
Washington